Evidence mapPaperPMID 42547949Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of older people nursing2026

Comparative Efficacy of Non-Pharmacological Multicomponent Interventions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Frailty or Prefrailty: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Huanyu Gao, Xuan Li, Minmin Leng, Zhen Wang

Abstract readSystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-AnalysisComparative Study
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of older people nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Huanyu GaoNursing College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4215-611X
Xuan LiNursing College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1467-5182
Minmin LengDepartment of Nursing, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0655-6435
Zhen WangDepartment of Educating, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5339-260X

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2024QG032Postdoctoral Innovation Project of Shandong Province SDCX-ZG-202303057
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThe purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of different non-pharmacological multicomponent interventions in community-dwelling older adults with frailty or prefrailty and to determine the most effective non-pharmacological multicomponent interventions.

backgroundFrailty or prefrailty is highly prevalent among community-dwelling older adults and contributes to significant distress among older adults and increases the caregiver burden. Non-pharmacological multicomponent interventions are recommended for first-line management; however, the comparative efficacy among interventions remains unclear.

methodsA systematic electronic literature search was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP and Sinomed databases up to July 1, 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of non-pharmacological multicomponent interventions compared with routine care or other interventions in community-dwelling older adults with frailty or prefrailty were included. A random effects model based on restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation was used for the network meta-analysis. Efficacy was assessed via standardized mean differences with 95% credible intervals, and interventions were ranked via surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probabilities.

resultsTwenty-two RCTs were included in the analysis. For overall frailty level, exercise + cognitive intervention achieved the highest rank (SUCRA = 84.7%), followed by exercise + cognitive + social support intervention (SUCRA = 83%) and exercise + nutritional intervention (SUCRA = 72%). With respect to motor ability, exercise + nutrition + psychological intervention was the most effective intervention (SUCRA = 77.1%). DISCUSSION: Non-pharmacological multicomponent interventions have a positive effect on improving the physical condition of community-dwelling older adults with frailty or prefrailty. Nurses and care managers should actively prioritize the integration of the above two interventions into personalized frailty or prefrailty care plans, maximizing the efficacy of non-pharmacological management.

conclusionsExercise + cognitive intervention is likely the most effective non-pharmacological multicomponent intervention for reducing the frailty level, and exercise + nutrition + psychological intervention is likely the most effective non-pharmacological multicomponent intervention for improving motor ability in community-dwelling older adults with frailty or prefrailty. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The study identified the best non-pharmacological multicomponent interventions to improve frailty or prefrailty in community-dwelling older adults, providing a basis for the development of practical interventions in later gerontological nursing practice. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO: CRD420251115805.

Indexed as

Frail ElderlyFrailtyIndependent LivingAgedHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicfrailtymulticomponent interventionsnetwork meta‐analysisolder adultsprefrailty

Identifiers

PMID42547949
PMCPMC13433839

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.