ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Association of prior interstitial lung disease awareness with knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Saudi Arabia: a national cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders, including idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, connective-tissue-disease-associated ILD and sarcoidosis. Patients often experience prolonged diagnostic delays and non-specific symptom profiles that overlap with more prevalent conditions. While these delays are well documented, the contribution of low public awareness to these delays is not well described in the Middle East. We aimed to determine the prevalence of ILD awareness in Saudi Arabia and evaluate its independent association with knowledge, attitudes, and care-seeking practices. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults (≥18 years) across Saudi Arabia between May and October 2025. The study was reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline (STROBE). Data were collected using a validated knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire, developed with reference to World Health Organisation guidance and the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Factors associated with prior ILD awareness were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. KAP domain scores, Knowledge (0-8), Attitude (1-5), and Practice (1-5) were compared between awareness groups using Mann-Whitney U tests and analysed using multivariable linear regression with standard errors, adjusting for demographics and healthcare background. Findings: Of 830 individuals who initiated the survey, 628 (75.7%) provided complete responses and were included in the analysis. Of 628 participants, 116 (18.5%) reported prior ILD awareness. Healthcare providers had 6.45-fold higher odds of awareness (95% CI 3.12-13.32; Conclusion: ILD awareness in Saudi Arabia is low (18.5%), concentrated among healthcare providers, with knowledge gaps across both the public and healthcare professionals. The persistence of perceived knowledge deficits, even among those aware demonstrates unmet educational needs. Findings support targeted public campaigns emphasising symptom recognition and primary care education to support earlier recognition, diagnosis, and timely specialist referral.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.