ReviewBurns & trauma2026
Tissue regeneration strategies based on mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: from bench to bedside.
Review in Burns & trauma, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is undergoing a paradigm shift from live-cell therapies to cell-free strategies. Within this evolving field, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a leading platform. These nanoscale vesicles deliver bioactive cargo that mediates critical therapeutic functions, including immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and anti-fibrosis. Furthermore, they offer improved safety, greater potential for standardization, and enhanced scalability compared to traditional live-cell therapies. However, clinical translation remains constrained by several challenges, such as inherent vesicle heterogeneity, limited targeting specificity, and bottlenecks in large-scale manufacturing. This review systematically examines the biogenesis of MSC-EVs, focusing specifically on exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic vesicles. We evaluate their functional performance across diverse regeneration contexts, encompassing orofacial, barrier, musculoskeletal, and visceral tissue regeneration. We further highlight innovative engineering strategies designed to enhance therapeutic efficacy, such as surface modification, cargo loading, and biomaterial-integrated delivery systems. In addition, we introduce an emerging approach utilizing engineered MSC aggregate-derived EVs inspired by organ morphogenesis. Finally, this article details the strategic framework required for clinical translation. The framework encompasses scalable production, rigorous quality control, comprehensive non-clinical studies, evolving regulatory pathways, and the current clinical trial landscape. Collectively, this work provides an integrated roadmap for advancing MSC-EVs as a next-generation precision platform for cell-free therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.