Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42549579›Full record

ArticleJournal of biophotonics2026

Assessing Plantar Skin Epidermal Layer in Response to Various Insole Hardness via Deep Learning Enabled Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis.

Ardha Ardea Prisilla, Yih-Kuen Jan, Ben-Yi Liau, Chien-Cheng Tai, Gilang Titah Ramadhan, Sheena Christabel Pravin, Kiruthika Venkataramani, Winson Chiu-Chun Lee, Congo Tak Shing Ching, Chi-Wen Lung

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biophotonics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ardha Ardea PrisillaDepartment of Fashion Design, Sekolah Tinggi Desain LaSalle Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0003-3267-1151
Yih-Kuen JanRehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7149-4034
Ben-Yi LiauDepartment of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-6857-8656
Chien-Cheng TaiSchool of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0006-9659-3577
Gilang Titah RamadhanDepartement of Informatics, Tiga Serangkai University, Surakarta, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-3629-5248
Sheena Christabel PravinSchool of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.ORCID 0000-0001-8520-3322
Kiruthika VenkataramaniSchool of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.ORCID 0000-0003-1915-6315
Winson Chiu-Chun LeeSchool of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2119-7108
Congo Tak Shing ChingGraduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9796-9827
Chi-Wen LungRehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7048-2493

Funding

National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan NSTC 114-2410-H-468-016National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan NSTC 114-2923-E-468-001-MY3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We tested walking interventions using adjustable air-insoles with hardness values of 80, 160, and 240 mmHg over walking durations of 10 and 20 min. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the thickness of the stratum corneum (SC) and living epidermis (ED) in three different locations: the big toe (T1), first metatarsal head (M1), and second metatarsal head (M2), and deep learning was used to compare the difference in thickness between SC and ED. The results indicate that SC thickness increases in M1 is statistically significant after 20 min walking interventions using 80 mmHg insole hardness, and SC thickness decreases in T1 and M1 are statistically significant after 20 min walking using 160 mmHg insole hardness. Changes in SC and ED thickness observed in this study highlight their potential relevance in evaluating plantar tissue health in the context of DFU prevention.

Indexed as

Deep LearningEpidermisFootShoesTomography, Optical CoherenceHardnessHumansWalkingdiabetic foot ulcersepidermisinsole stiffnessplantar thicknessstratum corneumwalking duration

Identifiers

PMID42549579
PMCPMC13435239

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.