ArticleTheranostics2026
Quantitative MRI Pharmacokinetic Modeling and MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Biodistribution of a pH Mapping MRI Contrast Agent.
Article in Theranostics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI enables noninvasive mapping of tissue pH, a key biomarker of renal physiology and disease. We report a streamlined, three-step synthesis of diGlu, an anionic imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamide bearing two glutamate substituents, obtained at ≥99.5% purity using SOCl Methods: C57BL/6J mice received tail-vein injections of 250, 500, or 750 mg kg Results: MALDI-MSI confirmed selective renal localization and unmetabolized probe in urine, with negligible liver or pancreas accumulation. The LN model was best for fitting the CEST MRI data at low doses (unimodal kinetics), whereas UPD captured rise-hold-washout at 750 mg kg Conclusions: Together, the iodine- and metal-free chemistry, dual-offset window, dose-robust pH mapping, and MALDI-validated biodistribution position I45DC-diGlu as a practical scaffold for quantitative renal pH imaging and as a foundation for translational studies for renal pathophysiology.
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