ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Non-linear associations of the triglyceride-glucose index with thyroid function in a large Chinese population: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have identified the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index as a practical surrogate marker of insulin resistance and have suggested its association with several metabolic disorders. However, the association between the TyG index and thyroid function parameters has not yet been fully clarified. The present study was conducted to examine this association in Chinese adults from the general population. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 5,189 adults who underwent health examinations. Multivariable linear regression was performed to investigate the associations between the TyG index and thyroid function parameters, including free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Potential non-linear dose-response associations were explored by using restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses, while threshold effects were evaluated using piecewise linear regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine whether the associations varied across subgroups, and sensitivity analyses were performed in strictly euthyroid participants. Results: After full adjustment for potential confounders, the TyG index showed no clear linear association with FT3, whereas it was inversely associated with FT4. Non-linearity analyses indicated a significant inverted U-shaped association of the TyG index with FT3 (P for non-linearity < 0.001), the TyG index was positively associated with FT3 below the inflection point of 8.311 and negatively associated with FT3 above this point. In contrast, piecewise linear regression suggested a threshold effect for FT4 (P for likelihood ratio test = 0.016), with the TyG index showing a positive association below 7.591 and a negative association above this point. Additionally, the TyG index was positively associated with lnTSH after full adjustment. Subgroup analyses suggested potential effect modification for FT3 by sex, FT4 by thyroid status, and TSH by age. The non-linear patterns for FT3 and FT4 remained generally similar in sensitivity analyses restricted to strictly euthyroid participants. Conclusion: This study observed complex linear and non-linear associations between the TyG index and thyroid function parameters. These findings suggest a potential metabolic-thyroid association that warrants further evaluation in longitudinal studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.