Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42564768›Full record

ArticleInterventional pain medicine2026

Incidence and etiology of impediments to spinal cord stimulator trial progression.

Erin E Alpaugh, Esha A Vaidya, Jason S Kilgore, David A Provenzano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Interventional pain medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Erin E AlpaughPain Diagnostics and Interventional Care, Sewickley, PA, USA.
Esha A VaidyaTemple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jason S KilgoreWashington & Jefferson College, Washington, PA, USA.
David A ProvenzanoPain Diagnostics and Interventional Care, Sewickley, PA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Spinal cord stimulator (SCS) trials are used to assess therapy efficacy before permanent implantation. Despite initial candidacy, not all patients proceed to SCS trial. Comprehending potential barriers to SCS therapy could offer strategies to enhance patient access. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and etiology of impediments to SCS trial progression unrelated to preoperative MRI findings. Methods: A retrospective chart review of a single center identified patients who were under consideration for SCS trial from September 2013 to July 2023. Impediments to trial progression were classified from electronic health records. Demographic variables and time intervals were analyzed using logistic regression and a non-parametric test. Results: This retrospective study identified 358 patients considered for an SCS trial of which 84 (23.5%) did not progress. Relevant impediment classifications included: medical reasons (39.8%), patient-directed decisions (25.8%), insurance or financial responsibilities (16.1%), MRI-documented contraindications (10.8%), and psychiatric concerns (7.5%). In the multivariable logistic regression, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS; Conclusion: Across all SCS trial candidates, 20.7% did not progress for reasons unrelated to MRI findings. SCS trial progression was hindered by medical, personal, and financial challenges during the preoperative period. These findings highlight a need for enhancing patient access and optimizing preprocedural processes.

Indexed as

Chronic painSpinal cord stimulationSpinal cord stimulator trial

Identifiers

PMID42564768
PMCPMC13446036

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.