Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42565124›Full record

ReviewClinical and experimental vaccine research2026

Hepatitis B in the vaccine era: persistent burden and clinical implications.

Cherechi Nwabueze, Eunice Omeludike, Ridwan Lawal, Kedife Nwabueze

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical and experimental vaccine research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cherechi NwabuezeDepartment of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8796-3795
Eunice OmeludikeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Piedmont Athens Regional Medical Center, Athens, GA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9395-8494
Ridwan LawalDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, TX, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0202-1355
Kedife NwabuezeDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2572-2950

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a leading global cause of advanced liver disease and imposes a substantial economic burden. Early prevention is critical, as perinatally acquired HBV carries a high risk of progression to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatitis B vaccination has been proven effective in preventing cancer, yet coverage of the complete vaccine series remains suboptimal. This implementation gap perpetuates the clinical burden, manifesting decades later as hepatic decompensation and liver cancer. This narrative review synthesizes the current HBV landscape, highlighting how gaps in vaccination policy and delivery contribute to real-world gastrointestinal outcomes. By reframing HBV vaccination as a core component of gastrointestinal and hepatology practice, clinicians can play a pivotal role in preventing cirrhosis and HCC while improving population health.

Indexed as

Early detection of cancerGlobal healthHepatitis B virusLiver neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID42565124
PMCPMC13447000

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.