ArticleClinical rheumatology2026
Association of baseline anti-Ro52 seropositivity with connective tissue disease development following interferon-α therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate whether baseline anti-Ro52 positivity was associated with the connective tissue disease (CTD) development in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy.
designWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with CHB who initiated IFN-α therapy between January 2021 and December 2023. Associations between baseline anti-Ro52 positivity and CTD development were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsA total of 1178 patients were included. Nine percent of CHB patients were positive for anti-Ro52 before IFN-α therapy and that 19.02% were positive after IFN-α therapy. There were 120 newly developed CTDs (120/1178, 10.19%) during IFN-α therapy, most of which were undifferentiated CTDs (UCTDs) (110/120, 91.67%). No statistically significant difference in CTD incidence was observed between the anti-Ro52 - and anti-Ro52 + groups (9.79% vs. 14.15%, P = 0.176). Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that female sex (HR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.01-2.33; P = 0.045), IFN-α therapy duration ≥ 12 months (HR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.62-3.59; P < 0.001), anti-Ro60 positivity (HR = 3.82; 95% CI: 1.82-8.03; P < 0.001), and Scl-70 positivity (HR = 5.65; 95% CI: 1.37-23.36; P = 0.017) were risk factors for CTD development in CHB patients after IFN-α therapy, whereas IFN-α therapy combined with NA therapy was associated with a decreased risk (HR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.33-0.95; P = 0.031).
conclusionBaseline anti-Ro52 positivity was not significantly associated with CTD development in patients with CHB receiving IFN-α therapy. Instead, CTD development appears to be associated with multiple clinical and serological characteristics, including female sex, prolonged IFN-α therapy, baseline anti-Ro60 positivity, and anti-Scl-70 positivity. Prospective studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up are warranted to confirm these observations. Key Points • Anti-Ro52 positivity is common in CHB patients and significantly increased after IFN-α therapy. • Baseline anti-Ro52 positivity alone does not appear to be associated with subsequent CTD development in patients with CHB receiving IFN-α therapy. • Female sex, a duration of IFN-α therapy longer than 12 months, anti-Ro60 positivity, and anti-Scl70 positivity were associated with CTD development.
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