Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42566080›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology reports2026

Honeybee venom modulates antioxidant gene expression and tissue regeneration in a rat model of staphylococcus aureus - infected skin wounds.

Sabir Ahmed Smael, Treefa Farouq Ismail, Banaz Sdiq Abdullah, Rebwar Muhammad Hamasalih, Esmat Khaleqsefat, Azheen Subhi Abdulrahman, Ramyar Hassan Mahmud, Abubakr Mohammed Amin, Rozi Braim Abdalrahman, Harem Khdir Awla

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Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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10 authors.

Sabir Ahmed SmaelDepartment of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Treefa Farouq IsmailDepartment of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Banaz Sdiq AbdullahDepartment of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Rebwar Muhammad HamasalihDepartment of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Esmat KhaleqsefatDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Azheen Subhi AbdulrahmanDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Ramyar Hassan MahmudCollege of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Abubakr Mohammed AminBiology Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Rozi Braim AbdalrahmanChemistry Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Harem Khdir AwlaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. harem.awla@su.edu.krd.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1725-1730

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSkin integrity is necessary for protection against microbial invasion, and disturbance of this barrier predisposes to infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

objectivesStudy antioxidant SOD3, GPX4 genes expression and interaction with other genes and skin histopathology, hematological, and biochemical parameters as integrated markers of efficacy and safety of therapeutic potential of honeybee venom used in S. aureus-associated skin wounds. METHODOLOGY: Male albino rats were divided into five different groups. The dorsal fur of experimental rats was shaved to create the bacterial infection site. After three weeks of treatment, wound healing was evaluated through histopathological examination, while systemic influences were assessed using hematological and biochemical parameters. The expression levels of antioxidant genes SOD3 and GPX4 were quantified. In silico analyses were conducted using gnomAD and GeneMANIA databases.

resultsGene expression analysis revealed significant lower relative expression of SOD3 and GPX4 in the positive control group, whereas honeybee venom obviously increased relative expression both genes. The gnomAD database identified 812 variants in SOD3 and 2064 variants in GPX4. GeneMANIA analysis exhibited that SOD3 and GPX4 interact with 8 and 17 related genes, respectively, mainly through physical interaction. Histopathological results showing impaired skin architecture in infected rats and partial improvement by honeybee venom. Hematological analysis demonstrated minor variations. Liver enzymes were improved in honeybee venom treated groups. Renal function parameters showed no significant differences.

conclusionHoneybee venom ability to increase relative expression SOD3 and GPX4 and promote tissue partial restoration highlights its potential as an effective therapeutic agent for infected wounds.

Indexed as

AntioxidantsBee VenomsStaphylococcal InfectionsAnimalsBeesDisease Models, AnimalGene ExpressionGene Expression RegulationMalePhospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione PeroxidaseRatsRegenerationSkinStaphylococcus aureusSuperoxide DismutaseWound HealingAntioxidantsBee VenomsPhospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione PeroxidaseSuperoxide DismutaseGPX4 geneHoneybee venomskin infectionSOD3 geneStaphylococcus aureuswound healing

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.