ArticleScience advances2026
Deep learning reveals a neurocomputational mechanism predicting depression risk in adolescents.
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42 authors.
Han LuSchool of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.ORCID 0009-0007-3598-2437
Xiaoqian YanInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4711-7428
Benjamin BeckerMIND & AI Lab, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9014-9671
Andreas HeinzDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5405-9065
Barbara J SahakianDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7352-1745
Christelle LangleyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5061-2820
Zhaoyu ZuoInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Luolong CaoInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0009-0001-1638-9853
Zuo ZhangSocial Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6752-3434
Lauren RobinsonSocial Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.
Nilakshi VaidyaCentre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4600-7158
Jeanne WintererCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6041-8615
Sinead KingSocial Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1718-7302
Charlotte WaltonPsychology Department, B44 University Road, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1PS, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2225-6368
Tobias BanaschewskiDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm.ORCID 0000-0003-4595-1144
Gareth J BarkerDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5214-7421
Arun L W BokdeDiscipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-0114-4914
Rüdiger BrühlPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0111-5996
Herta FlorInstitute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4809-5398
Hugh GaravanDepartments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8939-1014
Penny GowlandSir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4900-4817
Antoine GrigisNeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Herve LemaitreNeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5952-076X
Jean-Luc MartinotInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID 0000-0002-0136-0388
Marie-Laure Paillère MartinotInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID 0000-0002-0452-2450
Eric ArtigesInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID 0000-0003-4461-7646
Frauke NeesInstitute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) in Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7796-8234
Dimitri Papadopoulos OrfanosDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1242-8990
Luise PoustkaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7738-4394
Hedi KebirCentre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
Ulrike SchmidtDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Section for Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1335-1937
Julia SinclairClinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1905-2025
Michael N SmolkaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5398-5569
Sarah HohmannDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm.
Nathalie HolzDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm.ORCID 0000-0002-6225-9267
Henrik WalterGerman Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Berlin-Potsdam, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9403-6121
Robert WhelanSchool of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-2790-7281
Sylvane DesrivièresSocial Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9120-7060
Gunter SchumannInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7740-6469
Qiang LuoResearch Institute of Intelligent Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0426-6039
STRATIFY/ESTRA Consortium
IMAGEN Consortium
Funding
Training U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1MA decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers R01DA049238 · NIDA · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI CALHOUN, VINCE D, LIU, JINGYU · 2019 to 2023
$2.9MAxon, Testosterone and Mental Health during AdolescenceR01MH085772 · NIMH · BAYCREST CENTRE FOR GERIATRIC CARE · PI PAUS, TOMAS · 2010 to 2014
$1.5MENIGMA World Aging CenterR56AG058854 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2018 to 2018
$683kNIA NIH HHS R56 AG058854NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049238NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH085772
Abstract
Early detection and prevention of psychiatric disorders, particularly depression, remain as major global health challenges, yet reliable tools for identifying individuals before symptom onset are lacking. Here, we combine functional neuroimaging with computational modeling to identify a mechanistic biomarker of depression risk. In a population-based adolescent cohort (IMAGEN,
Indexed as
Deep LearningDepressionAdolescentBrainEmotionsFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleRisk Factors
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.