ArticleBMJ open2026
Does hourly variation in ambient nitrogen dioxide increase the risk of acute asthma hospitalisations? A time-series study of Birmingham and Solihull, UK.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to investigate the association between hourly nitrogen dioxide (NO
designA time-series study.
settingThe study was conducted in the Birmingham-Solihull metropolitan area, West Midlands, UK.
participantsAdult patients with asthma (aged ≥16 years at the time of admission) from 1 June 2016 to 31 May 2022 residing in Birmingham and Solihull, West Midlands. OUTCOME MEASURES: We analysed the hourly rate of emergency hospital admissions for acute asthma. A Poisson generalised additive model combined with the distributed lag non-linear model was applied to assess the association between hourly NO
resultsThe study included 18 943 adults with asthma exacerbations who attended the four acute hospitals in the study area during the study period. The study observed a significant positive association between hospital admissions for acute asthma and hourly NO
conclusionsThis study strengthens the evidence for the importance of using high-temporal resolution air pollution data to examine impacts on health, particularly where there are marked temporal patterns in exposure. Understanding these exposure-response relationships will improve healthcare preparedness and resource allocation in relation to air pollution levels.
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