ArticleScientific reports2026
Exploring the in-vitro evaluation of folic acid-modified gadolinium nanoparticles in HEK-293, HeLa, and KB cancer cells for targeted-MR-imaging agent candidate.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Folic acid (FA)-modified gadolinium nanoparticles are promising candidates for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to their high cancer specificity. Therefore, this study aims to modify nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-FA to enhance their biocompatibility and specificity toward cervical cancer target via folate receptor (FR)-mediated endocytosis. Spherical nanoparticles less than 20 nm were characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, with UV absorbance peaks at 282 and 362 nm confirming the successful attachment of FA. Additionally, the zeta potential at - 51.23 mV indicated good colloidal stability. Subsequently, an in vitro investigation was performed using three different FA-expressing cancer cell lines: HEK-293 (-), HeLa ( +), and KB (+ +), demonstrating that the cancer cells remained > 90% viable after 24 h incubation with the nanoparticles. There was enhanced FA-nanoparticle uptake in HeLa and KB, with minimal uptake in HEK-293 cells. In addition, FA pretreatment reduced uptake, confirming the receptor specificity. Compared to nanoparticles without modification, modified nanoparticles showed a significant increase in uptake in cancer cells expressing the FA receptor (p < 0.0001). These results support the potential of FA-modified gadolinium nanoparticles as a receptor-targeted contrast agent for further cervical cancer MR imaging applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.