Evidence mapPaperPMID 42568255Full record

ReviewActa physiologica (Oxford, England)2026

MicroRNA-Driven Regulation of β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms, Network Insights, and Translational Perspectives.

Lena Eliasson, Alexandros Karagiannopoulos, Mototsugu Nagao, Anna Wendt

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Acta physiologica (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lena EliassonUnit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6467-5029
Alexandros KaragiannopoulosClinical Research Centre (CRC), Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Malmö, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-1065
Mototsugu NagaoUnit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-5161
Anna WendtUnit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-5979

Funding

BarndiabetesfondenDiabetesfonden DIA2025-978Diabetes Wellness Sweden PG-2025-038Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning IRC15-0067Vetenskapsrådet 2009-1039Vetenskapsrådet 2024-03597
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as central regulators of pancreatic islet biology, influencing β-cell development, proliferation, and function. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), both adaptive and maladaptive miRNA responses shape β-cell compensation and progressive secretory dysfunction. Here, we review current insights into the regulation of insulin secretion, with a focus on exocytosis and the autocrine and paracrine regulation of β-cells, and discuss the involvement of miRNAs in these processes. We describe miRNA biogenesis and the regulation of miRNAs in β-cells, focusing on glucose- and cAMP-responsive miRNAs and epigenetic control. We summarize mechanistic evidence linking individual miRNAs to the regulation of β-cell function during T2D development, including effects on metabolic signaling and the exocytotic machinery, and compare results from humans, rodents, and cell lines, while emphasizing both the need for and difficulties of performing these investigations in β-cells from human donors. Moreover, recent network-level analyses reveal that T2D is characterized not by isolated miRNA changes but by coordinated changes in miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathways that converge on reduced and/or compensatory insulin secretion. Beyond cell-intrinsic actions, we discuss how circulating miRNAs transported via extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate crosstalk between β-cells and peripheral tissues, influencing insulin resistance, β-cell function, and systemic glucose homeostasis. Finally, we highlight the potential of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as the use of EVs and miRNAs for therapeutic applications, while underscoring the technical challenges that currently limit clinical translation. Nevertheless, advances in technical, network, and inter-organ analyses position miRNAs as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets in T2D.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Insulin-Secreting CellsMicroRNAsAnimalsHumansInsulinInsulin SecretionInsulinMicroRNAsalpha cellbeta celldiabetesexocytosishuman isletinsulin secretionmicroRNA

Identifiers

PMID42568255
PMCPMC13451787

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.