Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42569971›Full record

ArticleJournal of animal science2026

Nutritional needs of non-essential amino acids for intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets without soybean meal.

Jung Yeol Sung, Yesid Garavito-Duarte, Sung Woo Kim

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of animal science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jung Yeol SungDepartment of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9214-2724
Yesid Garavito-DuarteDepartment of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.
Sung Woo KimDepartment of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4591-1943

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective was to investigate the impact of graded levels of non-essential amino acids (NEAA) in soybean meal (SBM)-free diets on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs. Thirty-two pigs weaned on d 21 of age with body weight (BW) of 6.7 ± 0.1 kg were assigned to one of four diets in a randomized complete block design with BW and sex as blocks. Pigs were fed for 28 d in 3 phases (10, 12, and 6 d, respectively). The diets consisted of a typical corn-SBM diet with supplemental lysine, methionine, and threonine, containing SBM at 19%, 22%, and 27% in phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively (NC), and SBM-free diets supplemented with 0% (PC), 50%, and 100% of NEAA provided by SBM in the NC. All diets met the requirements of essential amino acids. Pigs were housed individually and euthanized on d 28 to collect the jejunal tissue and mucosa to determine the jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota and immunity. The PROC MIXED of SAS was used with treatment as a fixed effect and initial BW and sex as random effects. Contrasts were used to compare the NC and PC and determine linear effects of NEAA levels. The PC reduced (P < 0.05) the expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in the jejunum compared with the NC. Increasing NEAA tended to linearly increase (P = 0.075) the expression of toll-like receptor 4 and linearly increased (P < 0.05) the expression of cluster of differentiation 14 in the jejunum. The PC increased (P < 0.05) interleukin-8 but reduced (P < 0.05) immunoglobulin A in the jejunal mucosa compared with the NC. Increasing NEAA linearly reduced (P < 0.05) interleukin-8 but increased (P < 0.05) immunoglobulin A. The PC reduced (P < 0.05) fecal nitrogen excretion from d 22 to 28 compared with the NC. The PC reduced (P < 0.05) weight gain and gain:feed from d 0 to 28 compared with the NC. Increasing NEAA linearly increased (P < 0.05) weight gain from d 22 to 28 and gain:feed from d 0 to 28. In conclusion, feeding the SBM-free diet meeting requirements of essential amino acids reduced fecal nitrogen excretion but impaired jejunal immune responses and growth compared with pigs fed the NC. Increasing NEAA improved jejunal immune responses and growth, and at least 100% of the NEAA levels provided by SBM in the typical corn-SBM diet with supplemental lysine, methionine, and threonine may be necessary to optimize growth in nursery pigs fed SBM-free diets.

Indexed as

Amino AcidsAnimal FeedDietIntestinesAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAnimalsDietary SupplementsFemaleGlycine maxMaleNutritional RequirementsRandom AllocationSwineAmino Acidsamino acidsintestinal healthnon-essential amino acidsnursery pigssoybean meal

Identifiers

PMID42569971
PMCPMC13596775

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.