Evidence mapPaperPMID 42576748Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2026

Impact of Anemia and Comorbidity Burden on Disease Progression and Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Collince Odiwuor Ogolla, Stanslaus Musyoki, Lucy W Karani, Phidelis Maruti

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Article in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Collince Odiwuor OgollaDepartment of Applied Health Science, School of Health Science, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-8935
Stanslaus MusyokiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health Science, South Eastern Kenya University, Kitui, Kenya.
Lucy W KaraniDepartment of Applied Health Science, School of Health Science, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-0374
Phidelis MarutiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health Science, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic kidney disease progression is influenced by anemia and comorbidities; however, the possibility of a real effect of these two phenomena has hardly been the subject of research.

objectiveThe present study set out to evaluate the association between anemia and burden of comorbidities on CKD progression and hospitalizations over 1 year.

methodsA retrospective study involving 120 adult CKD patients. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 13 g/dL in males and < 12 g/dL in females while comorbidity burden was defined by a simple comorbidity index: hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. CKD progression was coded as a ≥ 25% decline in eGFR or stage conversion. Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of hospitalization.

resultsParticipants' mean age was 58.3 years, and 53.3% were males. Anemia was present in 67.5% of the cases, and 33.3% had two or more comorbidities. CKD progression was seen in 43.3% at 1 year; patients with anemia and two or more comorbidities showed the highest progression rate at 77.5% (p < 0.001). Progressors had significantly lower hemoglobin and higher RDW values. Hospitalization was documented in 29.2%, and anemia independently predicted hospitalization (OR 3.4); comorbidity index ≥ 2 (OR 2.8), and RDW > 14.5% (OR 2.6). Each 1 g/dL increase in hemoglobin reduced hospitalization risk by 28% (OR 0.72).

conclusionAnemia and multiple comorbidities jointly increased the risk of CKD progression and hospitalization. Routine hematological parameters along with assessing comorbidities might have a role to play in early risk stratification and guiding focused interventions in CKD management.

Indexed as

anemiachronic kidney diseasecomorbiditiesdisease progressionhemoglobin

Identifiers

PMID42576748
PMCPMC13458870

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