ArticleBrain communications2026
Transdiagnostic neural correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury.
Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury are highly comorbid and share overlapping cognitive and affective symptoms linked to frontolimbic circuitry. However, it remains unclear whether symptom severity reflects shared neural mechanisms across diagnoses or whether mild traumatic brain injury modifies these relationships. We used functional MRI to examine transdiagnostic associations between brain activity, functional connectivity and symptom burden in 109 combat veterans. Because symptom measures were highly intercorrelated, analyses were interpreted within a symptom-dimensional framework. Participants passively viewed negative and neutral images, and associations with symptom severity were examined across the full sample, with group-by-symptom interactions tested secondarily. Greater symptom burden was associated with increased negative versus neutral responses in ventral visual regions, including lateral occipital and fusiform cortices, with additional effects in frontal regions. A single dorsal visual region showed the opposite pattern, with reduced differentiation driven by decreased responses to negative images. Despite robust task-related activation of limbic regions, symptom severity was not associated with activation in the amygdala or insula. However, functional connectivity analyses identified a positive association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity and right amygdala-ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity (
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