Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42577931›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2026

Potential Ferroptosis-Related Genes and Immune Infiltration in Form-Deprivation Myopia: An Integrative Bioinformatics and in vitro Validation Study.

Zhihong Liu, Shudan Ge, Beibei Zheng, Lina Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of general medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhihong LiuDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
Shudan GeDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
Beibei ZhengDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
Lina ZhouDepartment of Ophthalmology, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (The First Clinical Hospital of Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese medicine), Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of form-deprivation myopia (FDM) by identifying potential ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and characterizing the immune infiltration landscape, with the goal of providing preliminary insights that may inform future research on diagnostic or therapeutic candidates. Methods: Transcriptomic data from GSE223434 (training set) and GSE210238 (validation set) were analyzed to identify differentially expressed FRGs (FRDEGs). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning algorithms, including LASSO regression and Random Forest, were employed to screen for hub genes. Immune infiltration was assessed using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Finally, the functional roles of hub genes were validated in vitro using TGF-β2-induced human scleral fibroblasts (HSFs) and siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments. Results: A total of 256 FRDEGs were identified in FDM retinas. Three hub genes PRKAA1, TGFB3, and WWTR1, were selected and showed preliminary diagnostic potential value, with AUCs reaching 0.750, 0.725, and 0.762 in the training set. Immune analysis revealed significant differences in monocyte infiltration between myopia and control groups. In vitro assays confirmed that TGF-β2 treatment significantly elevated the expression of these hub genes and reduced GPX4 levels, while the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) reversed these effects. Furthermore, silencing PRKAA1, WWTR1, or TGFB3 promoted ferroptosis and fibrotic markers, which were significantly rescued by Fer-1 intervention. Conclusion: The identified ferroptosis-immune axis, centered on PRKAA1, TGFB3, and WWTR1, may play a role in the pathogenesis of myopia. These hub genes represent candidate molecules that warrant further investigation as potential diagnostic markers, and they provide a preliminary biological perspective for understanding myopic scleral remodeling in the context of ferroptosis regulation.

Indexed as

bioinformatics analysisferroptosisform-deprivation myopiaimmune infiltration

Identifiers

PMID42577931
PMCPMC13455805

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.