ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026
Antibacterial Effect of the In Vitro Interaction Between Clotrimazole and Chlorhexidine Against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius With Known Resistance Patterns Isolated From Canine Pyoderma.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundStaphylococcus pseudintermedius is the main etiological agent of canine pyoderma and exhibits increasing multidrug resistance. Due to the reduced efficacy of antimicrobials, topical combinations of antimicrobial agents-such as chlorhexidine (CHX) and clotrimazole (CLT)-have gained attention as an alternative.
objectiveTo evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity and pharmacological interaction of a 2:1 CHX-CLT combination against S. pseudintermedius isolates from canine pyoderma. MATERIALS AND
methodsSixteen isolates of S. pseudintermedius were obtained from canine pyoderma and identified by PCR detection of the nuc gene. Methicillin resistance was assessed both phenotypically, by oxacillin disk diffusion, and genotypically, through mecA detection. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for CHX, CLT and their 2:1 combination were determined by broth microdilution using resazurin. The fractional inhibitory concentration index was calculated to assess drug interaction.
resultsAll isolates carried both nuc and mecA genes, while only 25% were phenotypically resistant to oxacillin. CHX exhibited MIC
conclusionsThe CHX-CLT combination demonstrated enhanced in vitro antibacterial activity with predominantly additive interactions against S. pseudintermedius. The results support the rational use of CHX-CLT topical formulations as an effective therapeutic alternative for canine pyoderma in the context of growing antimicrobial resistance.
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