ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus and gut microbiota: from microbiome characteristics to prevention and treatment strategies.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children is a chronic metabolic disease mediated by autoimmune abnormalities, characterized by extensive destruction and impairment of pancreatic islet β-cells, and represents a common chronic endocrine disorder in childhood. The occurrence and progression of T1DM are closely associated with genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Compared with healthy children, children with T1DM exhibit a disrupted gut microecological balance, characterized by a marked reduction in microbial diversity, structural disturbances in dominant microbiota, and concomitant abnormalities in multiple metabolic pathways. Recent studies have indicated that the gut microbiota, as a key environmental factor, is associated with the pathophysiological processes of pediatric T1DM through mechanisms including altered intestinal permeability and modulation of immune homeostasis. This article provides a comprehensive narrative review of the characteristics of the gut microbiota in children with T1DM, summarizes current evidence regarding microbiome alterations and their underlying mechanisms, and discusses emerging microbiota-targeted interventions. The aim is to provide new insights for the early prevention, control, and clinical management of T1DM in children.
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