Evidence mapPaperPMID 42582972Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Association of serum uric acid with incident vascular calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.

Xinyu Li, Taoyuan He, Guosheng Li, Xue Liang, Bing Wang, Yudan Liu, Wei Zhao, Zhu Zhu, Xuhan Liu

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Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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9 authors.

Xinyu Li *Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Taoyuan He *Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Guosheng Li *Laboratory Pathology Department, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo, China.
Xue LiangDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Yanhu District People's Hospital of Yuncheng, Yuncheng, China.
Bing WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Yudan LiuDepartment of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Wei ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Zhu ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Xuhan LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Vascular calcification (VC) is common among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Although experimental evidence suggests that elevated serum uric acid (SUA) may promote VC, its clinical relevance in patients with T2DM remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on electronic medical records from the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology. The study included 665 hospitalized patients with T2DM who had no evidence of VC on baseline pulmonary computed tomography (CT) and underwent follow-up pulmonary CT. Incident VC was defined as newly detected, radiologically visible coronary artery calcification (CAC), aortic calcification, or both on mediastinal-window pulmonary CT. Associations between SUA and incident VC were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, multivariable Cox regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS)analysis, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses. Predictive performance was assessed using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW). Results: During a median follow-up of 2.25 years, incident VC developed in 315 patients. In the fully adjusted model, each 1-standard-deviation (SD) increase in SUA was associated with a higher risk of incident VC (HR, 1.271; 95% CI, 1.138-1.420; P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest SUA quartile, the third and fourth quartiles were associated with higher risks of incident VC (HR, 1.634; 95% CI, 1.125-2.375; P = 0.010; and HR, 2.075; 95% CI, 1.432-3.006; P < 0.001, respectively). RCS analysis showed an approximately linear association between SUA and incident VC. Time-dependent areas under the curve (AUCs) for SUA were 0.666, 0.730, 0.777, and 0.847 at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Adding SUA to the fully adjusted base model yielded modest improvements in discrimination and prediction error. Conclusion: Among patients with T2DM, higher SUA levels were associated with an increased risk of incident, radiologically visible macrovascular calcification. SUA may help identify patients at higher risk of VC; however, the data-derived threshold of approximately 300 μmol/L should be considered exploratory and requires external validation. Whether lowering SUA reduces the risk of VC remains to be determined in prospective interventional studies.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Uric AcidVascular CalcificationAgedBiomarkersFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTomography, X-Ray ComputedBiomarkersUric Acidretrospective cohort studyrisk stratificationserum uric acidtype 2 diabetes mellitusvascular calcification

Identifiers

PMID42582972
PMCPMC13459047

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.