Evidence mapPaperPMID 42583306Full record

ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2026

Research trends in cytokine regulation of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a bibliometric and BERTopic analysis from 2015 to 2025.

Xiangnv Meng, Yongsheng Li, Fu Mi, Xi Yang, Sha Sha, Xiaoliu Shi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xiangnv MengSecond Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3562-393X
Yongsheng LiSecond Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
Fu MiSecond Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
Xi YangSecond Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
Sha ShaSecond Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
Xiaoliu ShiDepartment of Respiratory and Digestive Oncology, Haixing County Hospital, Cangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cytokines are key regulators of antitumor immunity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in the context of immunotherapy. However, the global knowledge structure and thematic evolution of cytokine-regulated immunotherapy in NSCLC have not been systematically characterized. This study aimed to delineate publication trends, intellectual structures, and evolving research themes in this field from 2015 to 2025. Methods: Publications related to cytokine-regulated immunotherapy in NSCLC were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric analysis combined with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers-based topic modeling (BERTopic) was used to evaluate publication trends, countries, institutions, authors, journals, co-cited references, keywords, and thematic evolution. Results: A total of 1,186 publications were included, with annual output increasing steadily over the study period. China contributed the largest number of publications, whereas the United States showed greater citation-based impact, as reflected by total citations and H-index. Institutional and authorship analyses identified an internationally connected research network dominated by Chinese institutions and strengthened by cross-national collaboration. Co-citation and journal analyses showed that research during the earlier post-approval period of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy primarily focused on landmark ICI trials, whereas recent studies have increasingly shifted toward mechanistic and translational investigations. Integrated keyword clustering, burst detection, and BERTopic analyses revealed a thematic transition from clinical efficacy-oriented research to more complex domains, including cytokine networks, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remodeling, resistance mechanisms, biomarkers, immune evasion, molecular subtyping, and combination strategies. Conclusions: This study maps the knowledge structure and research trajectory of cytokine-related immunotherapy in NSCLC. The findings provide a structured framework for future mechanistic studies and may support the development of more precise and effective immunotherapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

bibliometric analysiscytokinesimmunotherapyNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)topic modeling

Identifiers

PMID42583306
PMCPMC13460052

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.