Evidence mapPaperPMID 42584022Full record

SynthesisJournal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing2026

Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation to Improve Mobility and Prevent Falls in Older People With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Evidence Synthesis and Development of a Geriatric-Specific Framework.

Leodoro J Labrague, David M Ha, Liza Visbal-Dionaldo, Kacy L Aderhold, Anna Nguyen

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Leodoro J LabragueFran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0315-4438
David M HaFran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7415-064X
Liza Visbal-DionaldoFran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-341X
Kacy L AderholdFran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8971-9958
Anna NguyenFran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-4325

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) among older people is associated with significant gait and balance impairments, postural instability, and an increased fall risk. Virtual reality (VR)-based interventions have been shown to be effective in improving balance and mobility; however, their design features and applicability for older people with DPN remain unclear. This systematic review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of VR systems on clinical outcomes in individuals with DPN and translate the findings into geriatric-specific VR design recommendations.

methodA systematic review design was employed. Five electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase) were systematically searched. Guided by the Synthesis Without a Meta-Analysis (SWiM) approach, a narrative synthesis was conducted.

resultsA total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria, with a pooled sample of 341 participants (mean age = 49 to 72). VR systems were primarily used as intervention modalities (6 of 8 studies). Most VR systems employed non-immersive, screen-based platforms with real-time visual biofeedback. Progression algorithms were clinician-guided rather than adaptive. VR-based interventions demonstrated consistent improvements in postural sway, mediolateral stability, and functional mobility measures in adults with DPN.

conclusionVR systems, used as either intervention and assessment modalities, were found to be effective in assessing and improving balance and functional mobility in adults with DPN. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Based on these findings, the SAFE STEP PLAN Framework, a geriatric-specific design guidance for VR-based and other technology-assisted rehabilitation interventions in DPN, was developed to inform the design, implementation, and clinical integration of technology-assisted interventions for older people.

Indexed as

Accidental FallsDiabetic NeuropathiesVirtual RealityAgedFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPostural Balancebalance trainingdiabetic peripheral neuropathyfall preventionolder adultsvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID42584022
PMCPMC13463670

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.