ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Effects of Pentoxifylline on Peri-Implant Capsule Cellularity and Thickness: A Controlled Experimental Study in a Rat Silicone Implant Model.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Capsular contracture is a fibrotic foreign-body response to silicone implants, driven primarily by TGF-β1-mediated myofibroblast activation and profibrotic signaling, with no established pharmacological prophylaxis. Pentoxifylline (PTX), an antifibrotic agent acting on these pathways, has rarely been evaluated for peri-implant capsule formation. Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats received a 2 cm × 1 cm smooth silicone block in a dorsal sub-panniculus carnosus pocket. After pre-specified exclusions, 20 animals were analyzed in two equal groups: control (saline) and PTX (25 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally) for six weeks. Intracapsular fibroblast/myofibroblast density and capsule thickness were quantified by H&E histology with digital image analysis. PTX reduced fibroblast/myofibroblast density by 35.7% (36.28 ± 9.80 vs. 56.46 ± 16.69 cells/HPF;
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