Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42589435›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Effects of Pentoxifylline on Peri-Implant Capsule Cellularity and Thickness: A Controlled Experimental Study in a Rat Silicone Implant Model.

Tevfik Satir, Armin Kraus, Ibrahim Güler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Tevfik SatirCenter for Dermatosurgery, St. Josefskrankenhaus Heidelberg, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
Armin KrausDepartment of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6557-2163
Ibrahim GülerDepartment of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6395-6670

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Capsular contracture is a fibrotic foreign-body response to silicone implants, driven primarily by TGF-β1-mediated myofibroblast activation and profibrotic signaling, with no established pharmacological prophylaxis. Pentoxifylline (PTX), an antifibrotic agent acting on these pathways, has rarely been evaluated for peri-implant capsule formation. Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats received a 2 cm × 1 cm smooth silicone block in a dorsal sub-panniculus carnosus pocket. After pre-specified exclusions, 20 animals were analyzed in two equal groups: control (saline) and PTX (25 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally) for six weeks. Intracapsular fibroblast/myofibroblast density and capsule thickness were quantified by H&E histology with digital image analysis. PTX reduced fibroblast/myofibroblast density by 35.7% (36.28 ± 9.80 vs. 56.46 ± 16.69 cells/HPF;

Indexed as

Implant Capsular ContracturePentoxifyllineSiliconesAnimalsFibroblastsFibrosisMaleMyofibroblastsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyTransforming Growth Factor beta1PentoxifyllineSiliconesTransforming Growth Factor beta1antifibrotic therapycapsular contracturefibrosismyofibroblastpentoxifyllineperi-implant capsuleprofibrotic signalingrat modelTGF-β1tissue remodeling

Identifiers

PMID42589435
PMCPMC13467517

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.