Evidence mapPaperPMID 42589436Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Inflammatory Manifestations, Therapeutic Interventions, and Cancer Risk in Psoriasis: Current Epidemiological and Mechanistic Evidence.

Aikaterini Lymperi, Evgenia Lamprianidou, Theodora Adamantidi, Maria Chatzikamari, Nikolaos Loizidis, Vassiliki Dania, Alexandros Tsoupras

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Aikaterini LymperiHephaestus Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala University Campus, 65404 Kavala, Greece.
Evgenia LamprianidouHephaestus Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala University Campus, 65404 Kavala, Greece.ORCID 0009-0002-0837-7825
Theodora AdamantidiHephaestus Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala University Campus, 65404 Kavala, Greece.
Maria ChatzikamariHematology Department, General Hospital of Kavala, St Sillas, 65500 Kavala, Greece.
Nikolaos LoizidisRheumatology Department, General Hospital of Kavala, St Sillas, 65500 Kavala, Greece.
Vassiliki DaniaFirst Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece.
Alexandros TsouprasHephaestus Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala University Campus, 65404 Kavala, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0837-9778

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disease driven by persistent inflammation and immune dysfunction that severely impairs quality of life and is associated with serious comorbidities, including psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and depression. Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests an association between psoriasis and an increased risk of certain malignancies, such as breast cancer (BC) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), although the strength and consistency of these associations vary across study designs, and the underlying thrombo-inflammatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Several therapeutic approaches, including topical therapies, conventional systemic drugs (e.g., methotrexate and cyclosporine), and biological agents have been investigated for their potential associations with malignancy risk. However, the available evidence is heterogeneous and influenced by disease severity, treatment duration, cumulative exposure, and patient-related confounding factors. While some epidemiological studies have reported associations between conventional therapies and selected skin or hematological malignancies, combined or sequential treatment regimens further complicate the interpretation of treatment-related cancer risk. Similarly, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been associated with higher reported rates of lymphoma and non-melanoma skin cancer than tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors (TNFi-α) in some observational studies. Recent studies also highlight the clinical utility of inflammatory markers, specifically the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), for monitoring systemic inflammation and treatment response, while certain therapies may additionally influence CVD risk. Despite these advances, substantial heterogeneity across observational studies, meta-analyses, and Mendelian randomization analyses preclude definitive conclusions regarding causality. Overall, this review synthesizes the current epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking psoriasis, chronic inflammation, therapeutic interventions, cancer risk, and cardiovascular comorbidities, while highlighting the need for large prospective studies and standardized analytical approaches.

Indexed as

InflammationNeoplasmsPsoriasisCardiovascular DiseasesHumansRisk Factorsautoimmune diseasesbiological therapiescancer riskcardiovascular diseaseinflammationmolecular linkpsoriasispsoriatic treatment

Identifiers

PMID42589436
PMCPMC13467059

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.