Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42589471›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activity of a

Siboniso Sithole, Xolani Shezi, Mlondolo Mavundla, Carl Mateta, Sphamandla Hlatshwayo, Sanele Mhlungu, Nokukhanya Thembane, Phumzile Afrika, Sibusiso Senzani, Exnevia Gomo and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Siboniso SitholeSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Xolani SheziIndependent Researcher, Richmond 3780, South Africa.
Mlondolo MavundlaSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-0334-2711
Carl MatetaNational Institute of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare P.O. Box CY 1122, Zimbabwe.
Sphamandla HlatshwayoSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-2655-5341
Sanele MhlunguSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Nokukhanya ThembaneSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Phumzile AfrikaSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Sibusiso SenzaniDiscipline of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Exnevia GomoMedical Laboratory Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare P.O. Box MP 167, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0003-0891-6251
Nceba GqaleniSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Mlungisi NgcoboSub-Discipline of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-8942-1642

Funding

National Research Foundation MND210618613140
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Product Shezi (PS) is a polyherbal African traditional medicine (ATM) formulated from six known South African medicinal plants and is used for treating cutaneous wounds. However, its ethnopharmacological properties have not been scientifically validated. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of PS in vitro. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were prepared and qualitatively screened for phytochemical constituents. Cytotoxicity in fibroblasts and macrophages was assessed using an ATP-based viability assay. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and a hydrogen peroxide (H

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsPlant ExtractsWound HealingAnimalsDinoprostoneFibroblastsHumansHydrogen PeroxideMacrophagesMedicine, African TraditionalMiceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Infective AgentsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsDinoprostoneHydrogen PeroxidePlant ExtractsAfrican traditional medicineanti-inflammationantimicrobialantioxidantKwaZulu-Natalwound healing

Identifiers

PMID42589471
PMCPMC13467544

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.