Evidence mapPaperPMID 42589835Full record

ReviewPolymers2026

Lignin-Based Adhesives for Various Packaging Applications.

Urška Klenovšek, Urška Vrabič-Brodnjak

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Urška KlenovšekUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Aškerčeva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Urška Vrabič-BrodnjakUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Aškerčeva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0003-0865-8619

Funding

The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency P2-0450
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Growing demand for more sustainable packaging has increased interest in bio-based adhesives as alternatives to conventional fossil-derived systems. Among renewable raw materials, lignin is particularly attractive because of its aromatic structure, phenolic functionality, and availability as a side stream of pulp, paper, and biorefinery processes. This review critically examines the potential of lignin-based adhesives for packaging applications. Selected polysaccharide-, protein-, vegetable-oil-, and tannin-based systems are briefly discussed as comparative references, while the main focus is placed on the properties of kraft lignin, lignosulfonates, organosolv lignin, and soda lignin. Their structural differences, adhesive behaviour, and suitability for chemical modification through hydroxymethylation, phenolation, demethylation, depolymerization, oxidation, and epoxidation are evaluated. Because most lignin-adhesive research concerns wood bonding, the transferability of these findings to paper, paperboard, labels, coatings, films, and hot-melt packaging adhesives is critically assessed. Direct evidence for packaging applications remains limited, although existing studies demonstrate promising opportunities for paper bonding, pressure-sensitive systems, and paperboard hot-melt adhesives. Key challenges include lignin heterogeneity, processing complexity, moisture resistance, colour, food-contact safety, scalability, and compatibility with recycling.

Indexed as

bio-based adhesivespackagingpackaging adhesivespolyphenolic biopolymersustainability

Identifiers

PMID42589835
PMCPMC13468156

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.