Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42590903›Full record

ReviewJournal of immunology research2026

Immunotherapy Resistance in dMMR/MSI-H Colorectal Cancer: Unraveling Mechanisms and Exploring Overcoming Strategies.

Ke Zhou, Ping Lu, Hongli Xu, Xinjun Liang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of immunology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ke ZhouDepartment of Abdominal Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China, hust.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9457-6490
Ping LuDepartment of Abdominal Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China, hust.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7389-9104
Hongli XuDepartment of Abdominal Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China, hust.edu.cn.
Xinjun LiangDepartment of Abdominal Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China, hust.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5180-7926

Funding

Health Commission of Hubei Province Scientific Research Project WJ2023Z011Project of the Joint Fund for Innovation and Development of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China 2026AFC1224Scientific Research Projects of Hubei Cancer Hospital 2024HBCHYN13Scientific Research Projects of Hubei Cancer Hospital 2025HBCHYN03Talent Project of Hubei Cancer Hospital 2025HBCHHHRC003Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project of the Hubei Provincial Health Commission ZY2023Z005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Approximately 15% of localized and 5% of metastatic cases exhibit mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the first-line treatment for this subgroup, 15%-46% of patients experience primary resistance, and a subset of responders eventually acquires resistance. This review synthesizes the multifaceted mechanisms underlying ICI resistance in dMMR/MSI-H CRC. We delineate tumor-intrinsic alterations, including defects in the antigen presentation machinery (specifically transporter associated with antigen processing [TAP]1/TAP2 and β

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsDNA Mismatch RepairDrug Resistance, NeoplasmImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyAnimalsHumansMicrosatellite InstabilitySignal TransductionTumor MicroenvironmentImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsDNA mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)drug resistanceimmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)

Identifiers

PMID42590903
PMCPMC13469763

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.