ArticleDigital health
Effectiveness of a virtual reality-based mindfulness intervention for ADHD symptoms in college students: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in Digital health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual reality (VR)-based mindfulness intervention in reducing ADHD symptoms and improving cognitive and psychosocial outcomes among college students, compared to a non-immersive, video-based mindfulness control. Methods: In this trial, 64 college students screening positive for ADHD symptoms (ASRS v1.1) were randomized 1:1 to an intervention group using the Headspace application on the Meta Quest Pro headset or a control group watching a guided meditation video; after six withdrawals, 58 participants (29 per group) were included in the per-protocol analysis. Both groups participated in three supervised sessions per week over four weeks (12 sessions total). Primary outcomes were ADHD symptom severity (ASRS v1.1) and cognitive-motor reaction time (BlazePod™). Secondary outcomes included depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), sleep quality (PSQI), academic engagement (UWES), and self-efficacy (GSE), assessed at baseline, mid-intervention, and post-intervention. Results: Compared to the control group, the intervention group achieved significantly greater reductions in ASRS scores (-5.8 vs. -2.3 points; Conclusion: A four-week VR-based mindfulness intervention produced greater improvements in ADHD symptoms and related psychosocial outcomes compared to a video-based control in college students. These findings support further investigation of VR as a digital therapeutic adjunct for adult ADHD symptoms.
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Registered trials
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