From Uptake to Therapeutic Function in Engineered Exosome Delivery Systems.

Yiwei Li, Limin Jin, Pengli Gao, Mingmei Li, Zengkai Zhao, Jianjun Jiang, Ming An, Fangzhou Li

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yiwei LiTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Limin JinTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Pengli GaoTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Mingmei LiTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Zengkai ZhaoTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Jianjun JiangTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Ming AnCollege of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, PR China.

Fangzhou LiTianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3561-5369

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engineered exosomes are increasingly recognized as promising vehicles for precision drug delivery. Genetic display, chemical modification, physical loading, and hybrid vesicle construction have expanded their applications, while introducing additional variables to the interpretation of delivery outcomes. Because engineering can alter vesicle properties, receptor engagement, endocytic routing, intracellular trafficking, and functional readouts, tissue accumulation or cellular uptake alone is insufficient to define effective delivery. This review traces engineered exosome delivery from cellular uptake to therapeutic function, covering engineering strategies, targeting validation, endocytic routing, intracellular fate, and functional readouts. We further discuss the strengths and limitations of commonly used evaluation methods. Across biomedical applications, we emphasize that delivery evidence should be judged according to cargo type, site of action, disease model, and therapeutic mechanism. By linking engineering design, assay selection, and evidence strength, this review supports a more careful interpretation of engineered exosome delivery.

Identifiers

PMID42591635

DOI10.34133/research.1389

PMCPMC13462248

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.