Parental involvement in zero-separation care: experiences and needs of parents of late preterm infants.

Aim: This study explores parents' experiences regarding involvement in the care of their late preterm infants within a zero-separation care model at the semi-intensive care unit (level II) of the University Hospitals Leuven. Methods: A qualitative design was used, employing in-depth, semi-structured interviews with thirteen parents of late preterm infants recruited between February and September 2025. Data were analyzed using the QUAGOL method and guided by the COREQ framework. Results: Three overarching themes emerged: Stay at the unit, parental role, and needs regarding involvement in care. Parents described the zero-separation model as highly beneficial for bonding and caregiving, particularly through continuous presence. Over time, routines became familiar and their parental confidence grew. Challenges included inconsistent professional guidance on feeding and unclear communication about medical decisions such as feeding tube placement. Parents appreciated being actively involved in caregiving and valued hands-on coaching. Fathers emphasized their dual supportive role, though some felt overlooked. During prolonged hospital stays, parents experienced intertwined emotional, physical, and social needs, including reassurance, rest, and social connection. Conclusion: Zero-separation care shows strong potential to enhance bonding, strengthen parental confidence, and foster collaborative family-centered care. Clear and supportive communication, structured guidance, and supportive bedside coaching are essential in meeting parents' evolving needs and to promote parental engagement.