ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Impact of exercise intervention on immune function during aging.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Global population aging faces immunosenescence, increasing infection risk, reducing vaccine efficacy, and raising chronic disease burden, a major public health challenge. Identifying safe, effective interventions is paramount. This review evaluates the potential of regular exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy to counteract key features of immunosenescence. Exercise acutely redistributes immune cells and, via long-term adaptation, triggers coordinated effects including neuroendocrine modulation, myokine release, metabolic remodeling, and gut microbiota improvement. These adaptations appear to reduce chronic inflammation, may help optimize adaptive immune cell repertoires, and are associated with enhanced immune surveillance. Exercise type, intensity, and duration uniquely influence immunomodulatory outcomes, underscoring the need for personalized prescriptions. Current research supports the immunoprotective benefits of exercise; however, gaps remain regarding the functional significance of exercise-induced biomarker changes, the differential activation of mechanistic pathways across exercise modalities, and the translation of short-term biomarker improvements into reduced infection risk or enhanced vaccine responses in older adults. Future studies must address these issues to advance evidence-based, precise exercise recommendations for healthy aging.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.