ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2026
Adipose Reserves and Survival: Protective in Prefrail but Ineffective in Frail Oldest-Old.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimAmong the oldest-old, the impact of body composition on survival outcomes exhibits pronounced heterogeneity. Although the obesity paradox has been widely discussed, clear evidence is still lacking regarding whether the biological effects of adipose reserves are modulated by functional status. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between adipose reserve indicators and long-term all-cause mortality risk in the oldest-old and to elucidate the regulatory role of frailty, thereby providing an evidence-based foundation for precision clinical health management.
methodsThis prospective cohort study included 529 community-dwelling oldest-old individuals. Participants were categorized into prefrailty and frailty groups at baseline using the Fried frailty phenotype. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was utilized to measure body composition. Stratified multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between adipose indicators and all-cause mortality. Additionally, restricted cubic splines (RCS) and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyse survival heterogeneity.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 3.84 years, 88 deaths (16.6%) occurred. In the prefrail oldest-old, adipose reserves exhibited significant protective effects on survival: The fully adjusted model showed that PBF (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.98, p = 0.006), VFA (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99, p = 0.013) and WHR (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95, p < 0.001) were all inversely associated with mortality risk. In contrast, these protective effects vanished in the frail oldest-old (all p > 0.05), suggesting that the benefits of adipose tissue are contingent upon the individual's basal functional reserve. RCS analysis revealed a linear dose-response relationship between adipose indicators and mortality risk (all p for non-linearity > 0.05), with no significant threshold effect observed. Interaction analyses confirmed that frailty status significantly modulated the prognostic value of adipose metrics (p < 0.05), with protective effects restricted exclusively to prefrail individuals. Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed that individuals in the prefrailty stage with higher adipose reserves achieved the highest survival rates (all Log-rank p < 0.001).
conclusionThese findings suggest that the protective effect of adipose reserves is frailty-dependent in the oldest-old, and that weight management strategies should consider baseline functional status.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.