MOBA eSports participation and psychological traits in individuals with disabilities-an association analysis grounded in self-efficacy, social support, and trait sport confidence.

Yang Liu, Shengsheng Li, Hanxiang Lv, Kexiang Qian

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yang LiuSchool of Physical Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Shengsheng LiSchool of Physical Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Hanxiang LvSchool of Physical Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Kexiang QianZhejiang College of Construction, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study examined β-efficacy, social support, and trait sport confidence among individuals with disabilities, and investigated the predictive roles of participation-related characteristics. Methods: Convenience sampling recruited 114 participants playing Honor of Kings. Psychological traits were assessed using GSES, ISEL-SF, and TSCI. Analyses included Results: (1) The eSports group scored significantly higher on all three psychological measures ( Conclusion: MOBA eSports participation is positively associated with psychological traits in disabled individuals, yet the U-shaped duration-effect relationship highlights the need for moderation. Competitive performance predicts self-efficacy, while social support relates primarily to offline relationships. eSports may empower this population psychologically, but risks and boundary conditions require further investigation.

Indexed as

eSportsindividuals with disabilitiesMOBA gamesself-efficacysocial supporttrait sport confidence

Identifiers

PMID42597441

DOI10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1874127

PMCPMC13467909

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.