Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42601619›Full record

SynthesisFluids and barriers of the CNS2026

The effect of magnetic interference by magnetic resonance imaging on programmable shunt valves in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus: a systematic review and pooled analysis.

Virensinh Rathod, Darius Kalasauskas, Florian Ringel, Harroop Bola, Daniele S C Ramsay, Karanjot Chhatwal, Srikar R Namireddy, Sree Kanakala, Iihan Ali, Dillon Nanoo and 10 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Virensinh RathodImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Darius KalasauskasDepartment of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Florian RingelDepartment of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Harroop BolaImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Daniele S C RamsayImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Karanjot ChhatwalImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Srikar R NamireddyImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Sree KanakalaImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Iihan AliImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Dillon NanooFaculty of Medicine, University of East Anglia, London, UK.
Eeshan GangwaniFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Terrenjit GillFaculty of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Ayush JhaFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Ahmed SalihImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Madhur VaradpandeImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Abith G KamathImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Ahkash ThavarajasingamImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Dragan JankovicDepartment of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Andreas KramerDepartment of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Santhosh G ThavarajasingamImperial Brain & Spine Initiative, Imperial College London, London, UK. santhosh.thavarajasingam@med.uni-muenchen.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNormal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a cause of neurological impairment, with programmable shunt valves serving as the standard treatment. However, magnetic interference can result in altered pressure settings, affecting valve functionality. RESEARCH QUESTION: This systematic review investigates the effects of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on programmable shunt valves in NPH patients. MATERIAL AND

methodsConducted in adherence to PRISMA guidelines, an extensive literature search across PubMed and Embase databases from January 2000 to January 2025, was performed. Studies evaluating the impact of MRI at 1.5T and 3T field strengths on valve settings were included. Valve reprogrammability and outcomes were analysed, with statistical comparisons across MRI strengths and valve types using Mann-Whitney U and ANOVA tests.

resultsThe pooled analysis included 475 NPH patients across 11 studies. Valve setting alteration was required in 44.2% of cases following 1.5T exposure and 55.2% after 3T exposure, with no statistically significant difference between field strengths (p > 0.05). Valve type analysis revealed that the Codman Hakim valve exhibited the highest incidence of setting changes (37.05% at 3T). However, differences in valve setting changes between manufacturers were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). DISCUSSION AND

conclusionMagnetic interference from MRI can disrupt programmable shunt valves in NPH patients. While 3T MRI shows a slightly higher incidence of valve setting changes than 1.5T, the difference is not significant. Further research is required to assess long- term clinical implications and standardize MRI protocols to mitigate variability in outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Cerebrospinal Fluid ShuntsHydrocephalus, Normal PressureMagnetic Resonance ImagingHumans

Identifiers

PMID42601619
PMCPMC13476912

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.