Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42601902›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Direct IVF versus prior laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian endometrioma ≥4 cm: cumulative live birth rate and implications for fertility preservation - a retrospective cohort study.

Yan Feng, Xiaoyu Yang, Huanhuan Chen, Lei Zhang, Chenchen Cui, Lu Wang, Qiaohua He, Linlin Liang

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yan FengDepartment of Gynecology, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Gynecological Malignant Tumors, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Xiaoyu YangReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Huanhuan ChenReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Lei ZhangReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Chenchen CuiReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Lu WangReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Qiaohua HeReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Linlin LiangReproductive Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Current guidelines recommend laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian endometrioma (OMA) ≥4 cm before fertility treatment, yet cystectomy inevitably damages ovarian reserve. While recent large-scale studies have confirmed that cystectomy reduces antimüllerian hormone (AMH) levels and oocyte yield, whether this translates into impaired cumulative live birth rate (CLBR)-the most clinically relevant IVF outcome-remains inadequately addressed. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 394 infertile patients with OMA undergoing their first IVF cycle at a single tertiary center (January 2016-December 2022). Patients were stratified into Group A (non-surgical OMA <4 cm, n=116), Group B (non-surgical OMA ≥4 cm, n=47), and Group C (surgical OMA ≥4 cm, n=231). The primary outcome was CLBR. Multivariable logistic regression (primary analysis of CLBR), propensity score matching (PSM), and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were employed. Multiple linear regression was used as an exploratory analysis of oocyte yield. Results: In non-surgically managed patients, OMA size did not independently predict CLBR (Group B vs. A: OR = 1.06, P = 0.882). Among patients with OMA ≥4 cm, prior cystectomy was associated with significantly lower AMH (1.98 vs. 3.16 ng/mL, P = 0.001), fewer retrieved oocytes (median 7 vs. 11, P = 0.001), and impaired embryological outcomes. However, CLBR did not differ significantly between surgical and non-surgical management (52.4% vs. 59.6%, P = 0.370; adjusted OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.38-1.56, P = 0.469). PSM (OR = 0.67, P = 0.374) and IPTW (OR = 0.77, P = 0.448) confirmed these findings. Patient age (OR = 0.92, P = 0.030) and number of transferred embryos (OR = 2.21, P = 0.014) were the only independent predictors of CLBR. Conclusions: Pre-IVF laparoscopic cystectomy for OMA ≥4 cm significantly compromises ovarian reserve and IVF efficiency and this study did not detect a significant improvement in CLBR, although the comparison was underpowered to exclude clinically meaningful differences. Direct IVF may warrant consideration as an alternative strategy for patients without absolute surgical indications. When surgery is planned, preoperative fertility preservation should be considered. These findings require validation in prospective randomized trials.

Indexed as

CystectomyEndometriosisFertility PreservationFertilization in VitroInfertility, FemaleLaparoscopyLive BirthAdultBirth RateFemaleHumansOvarian ReservePregnancyPregnancy RateRetrospective Studiescumulative live birth ratefertility preservationin vitro fertilizationlaparoscopic cystectomyovarian endometriomaovarian reserve

Identifiers

PMID42601902
PMCPMC13472831

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.