ReviewInfection and drug resistance2026
Beyond VDR: Vitamin D Metabolism Genes in Tuberculosis Susceptibility, Immune Response and Implications for Diabetes Mellitus.
Review in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D is an important immunomodulator in host defense against Methods: We conducted a narrative review examining the role of major vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes, including CYP2R1, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1, in tuberculosis susceptibility, immune regulation, and treatment response, with additional focus on diabetes mellitus as a major comorbidity. Evidence from genetic association studies, observational studies, mechanistic experiments, and clinical data was synthesized. Results: Vitamin D metabolism enzymes influence intracellular vitamin D activation and inactivation, affecting antimicrobial peptide production, autophagy, cytokine signaling, and macrophage-mediated clearance of Conclusion: Vitamin D metabolism genes represent an underexplored but potentially important component of tuberculosis pathophysiology, particularly in patients with diabetes. Future work should prioritize genetically stratified host-directed approaches to identify patients most likely to benefit from vitamin D-based interventions.
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