Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42608948›Full record

ArticleCanadian respiratory journal2026

Screening Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of Lung Adenocarcinoma Related to Immune Infiltration Based on Single-Cell Proteomic Integration Analysis.

Ningxin Xu, Yuwei Zhang, Qiongke Lian, Yanan Cai, Mingli Ni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian respiratory journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ningxin XuDepartment of Oncology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8995-1420
Yuwei ZhangDepartment of Oncology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7336-6038
Qiongke LianDepartment of Oncology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2713-1336
Yanan CaiDepartment of Oncology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2584-0549
Mingli NiDepartment of Oncology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3631-5110

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMacrophages play a crucial role in mediating immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the potential of macrophage-related targets in the diagnosis and treatment of LUAD remains largely unexplored.

methodsThe proteome data of LUAD were obtained from the CPTAC database, and the single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were collected from the GEO database. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of LUAD and module proteins closely associated with clinical features were analyzed by the limma tool and WGCNA. The 61 intersection targets of DEPs and WGCNA were obtained for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Machine learning (random forest algorithm, LASSO regression analysis, and support vector machine recursive feature elimination algorithm) approaches screened the hub targets related to macrophages in LUAD. The CIBERSORT method and GSEA were used to explore the connection between key targets and immune cells. ROC curve was used to construct genetic diagnosis model, and the potential targeted drugs of four hub genes were screened by DSigDB database.

resultsA total of 1149 DEPs in LUAD and 65 proteins associated with clinical features were screened. After the intersection, 61 targets were obtained for GO and KEGG analysis. Macrophages were the key cell type in LUAD, which had 5438 differentially expressed genes in LUAD. Moreover, 13 intersection targets were obtained by taking the intersection of proteomes (61 targets) and macrophage-related genes (5438 genes). And seven targets (CRYAB, EHD2, FHL1, TNS1, TNXB, SORBS2, and LTBP4) were obtained through machine learning. Based on CIBERSORT method and GSEA enrichment results, four genes (TNS1, EHD2, CRYAB, and TNXB) related to immune infiltration were screened. ROC analysis combined with the nomogram-related model showed that only four hub genes (EHD2, FHL1, TNS1, and SORBS2) could be used as diagnostic biomarkers, and their potential therapeutic drugs were revealed.

conclusionThis study identified four hub targets, which have certain value in the diagnosis and the development of targeted drugs for LUAD.

Indexed as

Adenocarcinoma of LungBiomarkers, TumorLung NeoplasmsProteomicsHumansMacrophagesSingle-Cell AnalysisBiomarkers, Tumorlung adenocarcinomamacrophagesproteomicssingle-cell sequencing

Identifiers

PMID42608948
PMCPMC13482034

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.