Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42614404›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Defining nature, responses and drivers of regulatory- and conventional CD4

Lotte J Verleng, Julia Busselaar, Mark Mensink, Ellen Schrama, Hanneke Kapsenberg, Carin van der Keur, Xin Lei, Michael Eikmans, Yanling Xiao, Sander de Kivit and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lotte J VerlengDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Julia BusselaarDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Mark MensinkDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Ellen SchramaDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Hanneke KapsenbergDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Carin van der KeurDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Xin LeiDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Michael EikmansDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Yanling XiaoDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Sander de KivitDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Jannie BorstDepartment of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: During mammalian pregnancy, a maternal immunoregulatory network develops in the decidua that fosters fetal development, maintains tolerance to fetal antigens and protects against infection. Herein, decidual regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for pregnancy success. Aim and methodology: To understand the nature and response of maternal CD4 Results: Data mining revealed novel discerning, as well as shared features and functionalities of decidual CD4 Conclusion: Our findings suggest that non-self-reactive CD4 Significance: These molecular definitions of decidual CD4

Indexed as

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDeciduaT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryCell DifferentiationFemaleHumansLymphocyte ActivationPregnancyReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Antigen, T-Celldeciduaeffector differentiationmaternal-fetal tolerancenon-lymphoid tissueT-cell responsetranscriptomicsTreg

Identifiers

PMID42614404
PMCPMC13481866

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.