ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Longitudinal dynamics and treatment-associated determinants of interferon-gamma responses in tuberculosis: a 10-year retrospective QuantiFERON-TB Gold study.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Monitoring treatment efficacy and detecting recurrence are critical in tuberculosis (TB) management. However, longitudinal patterns of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results and the quantitative influence of factors such as treatment remain poorly characterized, leaving its long-term performance unclear. This study aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in IGRA and explore their potential utility for monitoring immune dynamics and treatment response. We retrospectively examined 491 patients with two QuantiFERON-TB Gold tests (≥1-month interval) between 2013 and 2024. Analyses included moving average plots, linear regression, and stratification by time interval, treatment status, and treatment response. Multivariable regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to identify significant predictors. Longitudinal analysis revealed a significant but weak negative correlation between interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels and time, with an estimated decline of -0.33 IU/year (r = -0.17, P = 0.0001), albeit with poor model fit (R
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