SynthesisAnnals of medicine2026
Prognostic value of inflammation-immunity-nutrition score in cancer patients: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with inflammation and immune dysregulation playing crucial roles in tumor progression. The inflammation-immunity-nutrition score (IINS), integrating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lymphocyte count, and albumin, has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker in cancer, but its generalizability across tumor types is unclear.
methodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for studies up to September 2025 assessing the relationship between IINS and survival outcomes in cancer patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were pooled using appropriate statistical models.
resultsEight eligible articles involving 3,950 unique participants contributed 11 non-overlapping analytic cohorts. All participants were from Chinese populations, and the evidence was predominantly retrospective, with one prospectively assembled validation cohort. Elevated IINS was significantly associated with poorer OS (HR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.56-2.90,
conclusionsElevated IINS is associated with poorer survival outcomes and may serve as an accessible prognostic marker in cancer. However, the current evidence is predominantly retrospective and entirely derived from Chinese populations. Prospective, multicentre, multiethnic validation and direct comparison with established prognostic indices are required before clinical implementation.
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