ArticleJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2026
Low-Dose Cannabidiol Treatment does not Alter Cognitive Performance in the HIV-1 Transgenic Rat Model of NeuroHIV.
Article in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI) remains prevalent among virally suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) and approved treatments target these symptoms. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating cannabinoid with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, has been proposed as a potential therapeutic candidate for HIV-associated NCI, yet its cognitive effects in the context of HIV have not been experimentally tested.
methodsFemale and male HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg; n = 57) and Fischer 344 (F344; n = 57) control rats were assessed using a translational cognitive battery measuring risk-based decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task; IGT), learning and cognitive flexibility (Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task; PRLT), and effortful motivation (Progressive Ratio Breakpoint Task; PRBT). Animals were tested at baseline to establish innate cognitive performance, then retested following acute and chronic (16-day) CBD administration (0, 0.3, and 3 mg/kg).
resultsHIV-1Tg rats exhibited subtle IGT deficits and persistent reversal learning deficits in the PRLT, with preserved learning and motivation, modeling key features of HIV-associated NCI. These selective impairments in cognitive flexibility persisted across testing periods, with performance in other domains largely intact. CBD produced modest, dose-specific effects on response latencies and motivation but did not affect cognitive performance.
conclusionHIV-1Tg rats exhibited selective cognitive deficits similar to those seen in PLWH, supporting their utility as a preclinical model of HIV-associated NCI. Across multiple translatable cognitive domains CBD did not significantly alter cognitive performance in HIV-1Tg rats at the doses tested. Further research using broader dosing, different administration routes, and co-administration with other cannabinoids is needed to fully explore the therapeutic potential of CBD for targeting HIV-associated NCI.
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