Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42622984›Full record

ArticleBiometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine2026

Multifunctional auranofin analogues: dual-targeting TSPO/TrxR gold(I) complexes with activity in resistant ovarian cancer.

Lorenzo Chiaverini, Emma Baglini, Doralice Giorgini, Rosamaria Militello, Chiara Giacomelli, Silvia Salerno, Monica Viviano, Raffaella Belvedere, Maria Rosaria Caruso, Giulio Esposito and 11 more

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Article in Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Lorenzo Chiaverini *Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Emma Baglini *Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Doralice GiorginiDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Rosamaria MilitelloDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 59100, Florence, Italy.
Chiara GiacomelliDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Silvia SalernoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Monica VivianoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Raffaella BelvedereDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Maria Rosaria CarusoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Giulio EspositoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Barbara CostaDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Alessandro MarroneDepartment of Pharmacy, University "G d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
Antonello PetrellaDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Sabrina CastellanoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Diego La MendolaDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Federico Da SettimoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Tania GamberiDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 59100, Florence, Italy.
Iogann TolbatovDepartment of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Tiziano MarzoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy. tiziano.marzo@unipi.it.
Elisabetta BarresiDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy. elisabetta.barresi@unipi.it.
Sabrina TalianiDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.

Funding

Ministero Italiano dell' Università e della Ricerca (MUR) PRIN 2022-Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale, project code: 2022ALJRPLMinistero Italiano dell'Università e della Ricerca (MUR) PRIN PNRR 2022-Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale P202252C7CUniversità di Pisa Proof-of-Concept (PoC) Spark Pisa 2025-grant, project "TRIUMPH".
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Auranofin (AF) is a clinically approved gold(I) complex used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and currently under investigation for drug repurposing in oncology. Its anticancer activity has been mainly associated with the inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme crucial for the maintenance of the redox balance of cell. Accordingly, this triggered intense research in the development of novel AF-analogues. Herein, a new series of AF-inspired gold(I) complexes (1-4) was designed and synthesized by replacing the thiosugar moiety with ligands targeting the translocator protein (TSPO), a mitochondrial protein overexpressed in several cancers, including ovarian cancer. The new complexes showed strong TrxR inhibition and sub/low-nanomolar TSPO affinity. All compounds exhibited low-micromolar cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells, including cisplatin- and AF-resistant variants, with a milder reduction in activity than AF and cisplatin in resistant models. Computational studies indicated that replacement of the thiosugar moiety with TSPO ligands affects the stability of the Au-S and Au-P bonds, leading to a different activation mode compared with AF. In parallel, ICP-AES analysis revealed comparable intracellular gold accumulation for complexes 1-4 and AF, indicating that differences in biological activity are not mainly driven by cellular uptake, but rather by distinct intracellular processing and target engagement. Overall, these findings support the conjugation of the [Au(PEt

Indexed as

Gold complexesOvarian cancerThioredoxin reductaseTranslocator protein

Identifiers

PMID42622984

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.