Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42629155›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and cognitive function among older adults in Tianjin, China: a cross-sectional community-based study.

Ziyan Lou, Xinze Han, Xiaomin Wu, Keran Duan, Xian Cai, Liping Zu, Lingyan Liu, Fei Ma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ziyan Lou *Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.ORCID 0009-0007-2560-546X
Xinze Han *Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Xiaomin WuDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Keran DuanDepartment of Medical Affairs Office, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Xian CaiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Liping ZuNankai District Wangdingdi Street Community Health Service Center, Tianjin, China.
Lingyan LiuNankai District Wangdingdi Street Community Health Service Center, Tianjin, China.
Fei MaDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China mafei@tmu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo explore the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) levels and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and further analyse the association between serum 25-OH-D levels and different dimensions of cognitive function.

designCross-sectional study.

settingTianjin, China.

participantsA total of 866 participants aged 65 and above were enrolled in this study. OUTCOME: MCI was diagnosed based on the revised Petersen diagnostic criteria. Cognitive function was assessed by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised in China.

resultsThe prevalence of MCI was 12.0%. Higher serum 25-OH-D levels were significantly associated with lower odds of MCI, as well as with MCI across all subgroups (p<0.05). Serum 25-OH-D levels were significantly and positively associated with full intelligence quotient (FIQ), verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ), information, similarity and vocabulary (p<0.05). The associations between serum 25-OH-D levels and cognitive function did not significantly differ by age, gender or education level, with no statistical evidence of interactive effects.

conclusionHigher serum 25-OH-D levels were significantly associated with lower odds of MCI. Furthermore, serum 25-OH-D levels were significantly and positively associated with different dimensions of cognitive function, specifically FIQ, VIQ, information, similarity and vocabulary. There was no statistically significant interaction observed between serum 25-OH-D levels and age, gender or education level.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive DysfunctionVitamin DAgedAged, 80 and overChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrevalence25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin DCognitive functionMild cognitive impairmentSerum 25-hydroxyvitamin DWAIS-RC

Identifiers

PMID42629155
PMCPMC13504524

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.