ArticleESMO real world data and digital oncology2026
Epidemiological characterization of biliary tract cancer in a real-world cohort of patients from the Spanish TTD-RETUD gastrointestinal registry.
Article in ESMO real world data and digital oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare disease with limited therapies and bad prognosis. Patients and methods: A real-world cohort of patients with BTC from the Spanish RETUD Registry, diagnosed from 2017 to 2025, was analyzed for demographic/clinical characteristics, tumor molecular profile, therapeutic procedures, prognostic factors, and outcomes. Populations were defined as per the first therapy received: surgery/neoadjuvant therapy for the resectable disease (RD) population and first-line therapy for the advanced disease population. Results: A total of 1756 patients were included in the study, 695 were RD, of whom 55.9% subsequently experienced tumor recurrence, and 1061 were metastatic at diagnosis. Median age was 68.6 years, and 55.7% were male. The most frequent tumor location was intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (53%). Biomarker information was provided for 591 patients, and 42.6% had targetable alterations. Median follow-up time was 14.7 months. In the RD population, surgery was carried out in 95.7% of patients; 5% and 68.9% received neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies, respectively. Median overall survival (OS) was 33.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 30.2-38.9], and median time to relapse was 19.4 months (95% CI 17.3-22.2). In the advanced disease population, immunotherapy was administered to 96.4% and 42.6% of patients in the first- and second-line settings, respectively, whereas targeted therapies were administered to 10.7% and 6.3% of patients, respectively. Median OS was 10.4 months (95% CI 9.7-11.2). Median progression-free survival in patients treated with approved targeted therapies in Spain was 7.1 (95% CI 4.4-NA) versus 4.0 months (95% CI 3.1-5.0), hazard ratio 0.54 (95% CI 0.30-0.99), Conclusions: This study provides valuable data on the clinical characteristics, therapeutic procedures, and evolution of patients with BTC treated in clinical practice in Spain.
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