Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42634068›Full record

ArticleEuropean review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity2026

Real-world walking and activity patterns in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the SMART-AGE trial.

Tobias Eckert, Katharina Gordt-Oesterwind, Ann-Sophie Haas, Melissa J Boettinger, Anna-Lena Schubert, Meike Snijder-Steinhilber, Hans-Werner Wahl, Juergen M Bauer, Jochen Klenk, Jose Albites-Sanabria and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Tobias EckertNetwork Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. tobias.eckert@med.uni-heidelberg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0565-7998
Katharina Gordt-OesterwindNetwork Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ann-Sophie HaasNetwork Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Melissa J BoettingerNetwork Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Anna-Lena SchubertDepartment of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Meike Snijder-SteinhilberDepartment of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Hans-Werner WahlNetwork Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Juergen M BauerGeriatric Center, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jochen KlenkRobert Bosch Foundation for Medical Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
Jose Albites-SanabriaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" - DEI, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Clemens BeckerGeriatric Center, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Carl-Philipp JansenGeriatric Center, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. carl-philipp.jansen@med.uni-heidelberg.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDigital mobility outcomes (DMOs) measured under real-world conditions allow for differentiated insights into mobility patterns of older adults. This study provides an advanced description of real-world walking in community-dwelling older adults and identifies correlates of walking amount, pattern and speed.

methodsThis cross-sectional study used baseline data from the SMART-AGE intervention trial with community-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 67 years). Assessment procedures included one-week monitoring of real-world walking using a wearable device (Axivity AX6), clinical outcomes, and tablet-based questionnaires. DMOs describing the amount (steps, walking duration), pattern (e.g., number of walking bouts [WBs]) and pace (mean and 90th percentile [P90] walking speed) of real-world walking were extracted using a validated computational pipeline. Data were included with ≥ 12 h/day wear time on ≥ 3 days. Stepwise hierarchical linear mixed modelling examined associations between DMOs and sociodemographic correlates, environmental conditions, health status (Body Mass Index), locomotor capacity (Timed Up & Go [TUG]), fall-related concerns (Short FES-I) and cognitive processing speed (Symbol Search Score).

resultsThe final sample of 569 participants with a mean age of 75.0 ± 5.6 years (52% women; 56% higher education) showed a mean walking activity of 11 746 ± 5 446 steps/day, 432.3 ± 153.8 WBs / day in total, and a mean walking speed of 0.75 ± 0.13 m/s in longer (> 30s) WBs. Age was consistently related to real-world walking across all DMOs, showing non-linear trends. We found sex-related patterns of walking, as women had more WBs in total but fewer longer (> 30 s) WBs than men. Body Mass Index and locomotor capacity were consistent predictors of walking across all DMOs (β = -0.08 to -0.25, p < 0.05).

conclusionThis study provides detailed and novel insights into real-world walking in a highly active population of older adults, highlighting lower walking activity with increasing age and differences in activity patterns between men and women. Mobility data may serve as a reference for community-dwelling older adults and facilitate the identification of early changes in everyday mobility, thereby informing future mobility recommendations and preventive strategies.

Indexed as

AgedAmbulatory monitoringDigital mobility outcomesLocomotionWalkingWearable electronic devices

Identifiers

PMID42634068
PMCPMC13501678

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.