ArticleLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2026
Portal Vein Thrombosis Risk in Cirrhotic Patients With Portal Hypertension on Beta-Blockers: A Multi-Institutional Cohort Study.
Article in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Endoscopic Band Ligation as an Unmeasured Confounder in the Beta-Blocker-PVT Association.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Portal Vein Thrombosis Risk in Cirrhotic Patients With Portal Hypertension on Beta-Blockers: A Multi-Institutional Cohort Study.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPortal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a significant complication of cirrhosis. Nonselective beta-blockers (NSBBs) are standard therapy for portal hypertension, but their effect on PVT risk remains uncertain.
aimTo assess whether NSBB use after variceal band ligation increases PVT risk and to compare outcomes among propranolol, carvedilol and no NSBB therapy.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network (> 110 million patients). Adults with cirrhosis and portal hypertension who underwent variceal band ligation (2010-2024) were included. Patients were stratified by NSBB exposure and matched 1:1 on 12 clinical variables. The primary outcome was incident PVT; secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated time-to-event outcomes.
resultsAfter matching (n = 4296 per group), NSBB use was associated with higher PVT incidence compared with no NSBBs (9.5% vs. 5.4%; RR 1.765, 95% CI 1.500-2.077). Propranolol was associated with increased PVT risk, whereas carvedilol showed similar PVT incidence to controls and significantly lower mortality compared with both propranolol and no NSBB use.
conclusionsPropranolol use was linked to increased PVT risk, while carvedilol did not elevate PVT risk and was associated with improved survival. Beta-blocker selection may meaningfully influence outcomes in cirrhosis.
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