ArticleFrontiers in oral health2026
Clinical and laboratory biomarker correlates of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancer status in a large retrospective clinical database.
Article in Frontiers in oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (LOCP) comprises a clinically relevant spectrum of contiguous head-and-neck malignancies, yet large real-world datasets with linked blood data remain uncommon. This study investigated demographic, comorbidity-related, gingival/periodontal, and routine laboratory correlates of recorded ICD-10 C00-C14 LOCP cancer status. Methods: This patient-level cross-sectional study included 333,807 unique patients from 805,989 clinical records at the University of Debrecen between 2007 and 2022. Descriptive analyses used Pearson's chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Multivariable logistic regression was applied in four primary models. Results: Overall, 1,963 patients (0.59%) had recorded LOCP cancer status. In the base clinical model, LOCP cancer status was associated with male sex (OR=3.95, 95% CI: 3.56-4.38), age 45-64 years (OR=10.67, 95% CI: 8.86-12.86), age ≥65 years (OR=7.27, 95% CI: 5.97-8.85), and K05-coded gingival/periodontal disease (OR=8.23, 95% CI: 6.16-10.98). Among biomarkers, log-transformed CRP showed the clearest independent association (OR per 1-SD increase = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.47-1.65), while hemoglobin was inversely associated (OR per 1-SD increase = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71-0.79). CRP quartiles showed a graded pattern, with Q4 associated with higher odds than Q1 (OR=3.73, 95% CI: 3.01-4.63). Biomarkers modestly improved AUC in complete-case subsets. Conclusions: Recorded LOCP cancer status was associated with a distinct inflammatory and hematological profile, mainly higher CRP and lower hemoglobin. Longitudinal, site-specific datasets with richer behavioral and tumor-level information are needed before these markers can be interpreted as predictive or etiological indicators.
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