ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
The therapeutic effects of arginine on hyperglycemia, pancreatic α/β cells, oxidative stress, and bone turnover markers (CTx and OPG) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study evaluated the therapeutic effects of arginine (Arg) on hyperglycemia, pancreatic α/β cells integrity, oxidative stress biomarkers, C-telopeptide (CTx), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in a rat model of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. A total of 36 male Wistar rats, weighing 126.14 ± 3.25 g and aged 75.47 ± 2.25 days (means ± SD), were randomly allocated into three equal group: control group (CG), diabetic control group (DCG), and arginine-supplemented diabetic group (Arg-DCG). Arg was administered orally at 400 mg/kg body weight daily for 28 days following diabetic confirmed. The DCG developed sustained hyperglycemia throughout the study period compared to the CG and Arg-DCG. Regarding oxidative stress, the Arg-DCG showed significant improvements in the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) compared to the DCG. Conversely, malondialdehyde (MDA) a marker of lipid peroxidation, was significantly higher in the DCG relative to the CG, with only partial attenuation observed in the Arg-DCG. Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in relative CTx band intensity and a significant decrease in relative OPG band intensity in the Arg-DCG compared to DCG. Furthermore, qPCR analysis revealed that OPG gene expression (2^-ΔΔ Ct) was significantly higher in the Arg-DCG compared to the CG (2.03 vs 1.00), but remained lower than that of the DCG (2.03 vs 2.46). Histopathological analysis revealed significant improvements in pancreatic α/β cell repair in the Arg-DCG compared to the DCG, showcasing better-defined islets, reduced degeneration, and intact acinar tissue, suggesting partial protection from alloxan-induced damage. In conclusion, arginine therapy may effectively alleviate hyperglycemia, preserve pancreatic α/β cell integrity, and enhance antioxidant defense mechanisms in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
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