ArticleEpidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Higher Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Croatian War Veterans: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesLong-term thyroid function in war veterans remains insufficiently characterized. This study examined the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Croatian Homeland War veterans compared to controls.
methodsCross-sectional study comparing 337 male veterans (mean age 62.4 years) with 335 age-comparable male controls (mean age 61.7 years). Thyroid function was assessed via TSH and FT4. The main outcome of interest was the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH over 4.0 mIU/L with normal FT4).
resultsSubclinical hypothyroidism was more prevalent in veterans (12.5%, 42/335) than controls (5.2%, 16/305; OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.42-4.71, p = 0.001). After adjustment for age and BMI, the association remained significant (adjusted OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.19-4.23, p = 0.012). Mean TSH was modestly higher in veterans (2.53 ± 1.47 vs. 2.06 ± 1.10 mIU/L,
conclusionsVeterans showed a higher prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism compared to controls. The clinical significance of this finding requires further investigation, as mean TSH values remained within normal limits in both groups. The cross-sectional design precludes causal inference, and unmeasured confounders may contribute to the observed association.
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